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By André Pereira Barbosa

Este projeto tem como objetivo desenvolver o uso do transporte multimodal nas operações de entrega de produtos via cabotagem, para as regiões Norte e Nordeste, em sinergia de todas as usinas da ArcelorMittal no Brasil. O trabalho visa demonstrar os principais dificuldades e benefícios da utilização da cabotagem. O projeto foi subdividido em etapas de implantação, que se iniciou com um processo de contratação, envolvendo os fornecedores de cabotagem e serviços de ovação para as operações das unidades de Longos (Cariacica, Sabará, Itaúna, Juiz de Fora e Piracicaba) e de Planos (Tubarão) de forma conjunta buscando uma melhor condição comercial e contratos sólidos de atendimento, com foco na utilização das mesmas estruturas de terminais, portos, fornecedores e até containers. Foi estimada uma redução significante dos impactos socioambientais e dos custos de fretes para organização.

Aug 17, 2017

By Marco Jáuregui, Alexander Benites

El presente trabajo técnico nace de la necesidad que tenía Minera Yanacocha de ubicar los sectores más importantes para la realización de sondajes diamantinos, los cuales ayudarían a la confirmación o adición de nuevos recursos para el proyecto Chaquicocha Subterráneo, así como para establecer la línea base para operar la futura mina. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es explorar diferentes técnicas de construcción de portales y falsos túneles en dicho proyecto, en la búsqueda por reducir el tiempo de construcción, la exposición al riesgo de los trabajadores y el costo de las construcciones.

Sep 20, 2019

By Eugenio Thiers

El presente trabajo señala la utilización de carbones andinos en la industria metalúrgica. Los países de la región andina como Perú, Bolivia y Ecuador contienen carbones coquizontes de buenas características, pero con bajo poder aglutinante. Por ello, se busca ampliar las posibilidades de su uso a través de la producción de metales. La producción se distingue en dos alternativas: primaria y secundaria. La primera incluye extracción minera, procesos de concentración mecánica, fundición y refinación, mientras que la segunda, se basa en la recuperación de materias primas a partir de la chatarra. Así también su uso principal de extiende a la siderurgia y afines.

Sep 1, 1985

By Jorge Nelson Rivera Guillén

Dado el alto consumo de cobre, zinc y platino en la industria minera a nivel mundial, se genera un desabastecimiento de cobre, aluminio, fierro, plomo y zinc a fines del siglo XIX. En ese sentido, la sociedad debe cubrir sus necesidades con minerales de la plataforma continental. En ese sentido, el presente texto describe la importancia del oro por su valor intrínseco como medio de cambio y atesoramiento en el respaldo económico que todas las naciones desean adquirir. Asimismo, refiere la provincia polimetálica aurífera del Perú, la generación de distritos y provincias metalogenéticas auríferas andinas y la metalización polimetálica aurífera de la franja occidental del Perú.

Feb 1, 2016

By J. W. Thompson

AN ACT prescribing the mode of maintaining and defending possessory actions on lands belonging to the United States. The People, etc. SEC. 1. Any person now occupying and settled upon, or who may hereafter occupy and settle upon any of the public lands belonging to the United States, unoccupied, except upon lands containing mines of any of the precious metals, may commence and maintain any action for interference with, or injuries done to his possession of said land, against any person or persons so interfering with or injuring such land or such possession. SEC. 2. On the trial of any such cause, the possession or possessory right of the plaintiff shall be considered as extending to the boundaries embraced by the claim of such plaintiff, so as to enable him to have and maintain any action as aforesaid, without being compelled to prove an actual inclosure; provided, that such "claim" shall not exceed in any case one hundred and sixty acres of land. SEC. 3. Every such claim, to entitle the holder to maintain any action as aforesaid, shall be marked out, so that the boundaries thereof may be readily traced, and the extent of such "claim" easily known, and no person shall be entitled to maintain any such action for possession of, or injury to, any claim, unless he occupy the same, or shall have made improvements thereon to the value of $100. SEC. 4. A neglect to occupy or cultivate such "claim," for the period of three months, shall be considered such an abandonment as to preclude the claimant from maintaining any action as hereinbefore mentioned. Sec. 5. Any person or persons claiming the right of possession to land under this act shall have the right to defend said possession and the claim thereto, and all the rights and privileges given them by this act.

Jan 1, 1918

By Charles W. Merrill

THE INDUSTRIAL strength and the security of the United States require an adequate, dependable, and continuing supply of raw materials, of which minerals constitute an indispensable segment. With an expanding population, a rising standard of living, and the instability inherent in a constantly changing international situation, the mineral supply outlook is a major national concern. Structures, roads, and machines are built largely of mineral products; the energy to heat the structures and to power the machines is derived mostly from minerals; agricultural out-put is sustained with the aid of mineral fertilizers; and the Nation's economic and military security both are founded ultimately on its ability to obtain and utilize essential metals, nonmetals, and mineral fuels.

Jan 1, 1965

By Luis Arias, Luis Ramirez

La implementación de entornos virtualizados, está cada vez generando mayor expectativa rumbo a la digitalización industrial, debido a la escala evolutiva de la tecnología haciendo uso de la realidad virtual y el metaverso. En este articulo presentamos el entorno comunitario virtual LabVR, cuyo objetivo temático está enfocado a desarrollar el conocimiento en el sector industrial-minero, mostrando un nuevo punto de vista en la manera de aprender. LabVR ha sido diseñado para optimizar las relaciones sociales a distancia y el aprendizaje, a través de diversas salas especializadas de aplicación a nivel industrial.

Sep 30, 2022

By I. Raposo, I. Moreno-Ventas, A. Palma, M. J. Díaz, M. Vázquez

The oxidative degradation kinetics of chalcopyrite have been studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The obtained data are necessary for the kinetic description of the flash fusion process, which can contribute to the optimization of the smelting process in copper extractive metallurgy. Activation energy (Ea) evolutions of the involved processes have been determined by several isoconversional methods; in this sense, the chalcopyrite oxidation processes could be adequately described, among studied models (E1641–16, Ozawa–Flynn–Wall, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose and Friedman), by the Kissinger–Akahira– Sunose kinetic model. Using this method, Ea and A values are found to be very dependent on the conversion. Under lower conversion levels, higher Ea and A values have been calculated with respect to that found for medium and higher conversion levels.

By Alberto Pool

El azufre es un elemento no metálico que proviene de yacimientos que lo contienen al estado nativo. En ese sentido, el presente texto revisa los diferentes yacimientos nacionales de azufre, tipos y composiciones. Dichos yacimientos se dividen en volcánicos (tipo solfatárico) y sedimentarios (tipo yeso). Los primeros se encuentran asociados a cráteres, laderas y fumarolas de volcanes, y los segundos, se encuentran asociados a yeso, caliza y calcita, sin conexión con procesos volcánicos.

Jan 1, 1977

By Ronald Ticona

Con el objetivo de mejorar la trazabilidad del mineral desde mina a planta en una operación de una mina de cobre del Perú, se evaluó el impacto en la planta de procesamiento en relación con las optimizaciones de voladura, un sistema de trazadores, relacionando el desempeño de los procesos de mina a planta con las propiedades geotécnicas y geometalúrgicas, detectando en tiempo real minerales en la planta de procesos alimentación estéril, alta, baja Ley, mineral con Arsénico, entre otros.

Sep 29, 2023

By Nickol Estrada, Jean Bueno, César Gallegos

El presente proyecto consiste en realizar la Geometalurgia en el yacimiento tipo VMS de Cerro Lindo con el fin de generar un impacto en la producción maximizando el valor operacional. Para ello fue necesario hacer una evaluación y análisis dentro y fuera de la Caja (Yacimiento VMS) con la finalidad de poder identificar y caracterizar los dominios geológicos nuevos y existentes, obteniendo como resultado los parámetros geometalúrgicos que nos ayudarán a buscar la viabilidad del proceso de extracción y tratamiento del mineral.

Sep 29, 2023

By Warren Hastings

This paper describes the methods and costs, in units of labor end materials, of sinking a 7 compartment vertical shaft 1,261 feet through a fractured, water-saturated formation. The shaft, designed for hoisting 2,500 tons a day, is at Friedensville, Lehigh County, Pa., approximately 6 miles south of Allentown and Bethlehem. It was sunk by the E. J. Longyear Co. under contract to the New Jersey Zinc Co. Preparation for shaft sinking W8A begun July 1, 1947, and sinking was completed August 18, 1952. A total of 604,858 man hours was required to sink the shaft.

Jan 1, 1954

By Karin Batallanos, Antonio Bravo, Ely Loayza, Rafael Carpio

Este documento técnico ha sido desarrollado a partir de una perspectiva empresarial orientada hacia la optimización de los recursos y activos con el objetivo de aumentar la rentabilidad del negocio. Para lograr este propósito fue crucial la apertura y sinergia entre todo el equipo involucrado ya que su interacción conjunta desempeña un papel crucial en la consecución de nuestros objetivos.

Sep 29, 2023

By Daniel Valente Guimarães

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados alcançados através do planejamento, por meio do agendamento com hora marcada, no processo de expedição de produtos acabados, que estão permitindo a Votorantim Siderurgia atratividade na contratação de veículos, redução de custos e confiabilidade no processo.

Aug 17, 2017

By Joey Hoang, Robert Johansson, Tapani Keronen, Mikael Jåfs, Jani Jansson, Mikko Korpi

At the Copper 2016 conference in Kobe, Japan, Outotec introduced a vision for the year 2020, wherein smelting would make use of four digital cornerstones: intelligent instruments, advanced process control, improved information management and transparency of and access to data. Since then, this vision coined the phrase “Fully Automated Smelter” with the mission promising a concept where no manual actions from human operators would be needed during normal smelter operations. Replacing repetitive physical work, collection and analysis of everyday production data has a great potential for further automation and will provide productive ways to improve efficiency and safety of smelters in the future. Therefore, a lot of emphasis has been put into developing solutions to automate these tasks and to move people out of harm’s way. A lot of new equipment, systems and optimization tools are under development. In addition, a lot of effort is going into developing dynamic process models and advanced control systems to interface with the plant automation systems. The goal is to integrate all these concepts to meet Outotec’s Fully Automated Smelter vision. This paper will cover these latest achievements toward this vision and introduce the near-future of digital smelting. INTRODUCTION As is well known already, the humankind is currently experiencing a change, extent of which is broadly studied by the governmental, educational and industrial institutions and parties. The wellbeing and quality of life have traditionally been improved alongside the developments in industrial production, which is now about to enter its fourth revolution. Therefore, the current change is often described as fourth industrial revolution, or industry 4.0 (or industrie 4.0, as named by Acatech, 2013) and can be considered anything from small incremental development to a ground-breaking global reset that will affect everyone’s lives. Many seem to agree, that the scale of change will indeed be big, even significantly bigger than the three industrial revolutions before it (Pellini, Weyrauch, Malho & Carden, 2019; Geissbauer, Vedso & Schrauf, 2016; Jansson, Bjorklund, Lahtinen, Heinonen, Jafs & Fagerlund, 2016).

Jan 1, 2019

By Antônio Augusto de Morais Piau, Miguel Araujo de Vasconcelos Filho, Bruno Mynelly Galdino de Sousa

Sludges and dusts generated by steel mills usually cause environmental problems and has a high cost solution. This presentation offers a different aproach to the problem with a solution that not only solves the enviromental issue but also brings great savings to the mill. This technology, reuses dusts and sludges in the sintering process, after they are mixed to the right composition.

Oct 1, 2019

By José De La Cruz

Para la construcción del dique de arranque de una planta concentradora es importante considerar la ingeniería y diseño del mismo -en tanto debe realizarse un diseño adecuado y así evitar problemas a largo plazo en la estabilidad de la presa de relaves. En ese sentido, el presente texto señala los costos, calidad y estabilidad del diseño de presas de relaves a través del proyecto de Toromocho S.A, perteneciente a la minera Chinalco, cuyo dique de arranque es CFRD (Concrete Face Rock File Design), método aguas abajo. La modalidad de este método permite diseños con un menor empleo de volúmenes de material de cantera que es aplicable en aquellas zonas con baja producción de material constructivo.

Dec 1, 2014

By D. Van Orden, Y. Kamiya, R. Lee, E. Ilgren

Crocidolite is a well-known causative agent for mesothelioma. However, studies have shown that the pathogenicity of the fiber from different mines varies considerably and it has been postulated the parameter that appears most likely to account for this variation is fiber width although this has never been formally confirmed. To date, crocidolite appears to be the only asbestos mineral for which an epidemiological study comparing the risk of mesothelioma in a population exposed to ‘thin’ fibers with another exposed to ‘thick’ fibers of the same species may be carried out. Finnish anthophyllite, South African amosite, and African Transvaal crocidolite can also be classified as thick fibers, and there is a paucity of mesotheliomas in populations exposed to them compared to those exposed to thin Cape crocidolite. No thin occurrences of these minerals are known. Our previous study looked at crocidolite from several sources. The present study considers the amphibole anthophyllite found in many places in the world. This mineral, regardless of source, does not show the same variation in fiber width found with crocidolite from different areas. All anthophyllite fibers that have been mined may be classified as thick and populations exposed show very low levels of mesothelioma. We suggest the most likely explanation is related to the fiber width distribution and a concomitant reduction in the ‘Stanton fiber size’ fraction.

Jan 1, 2012

By Bernard Lewis

This report summarizes the fundamental research and technical studies conducted by the Explosives Branch of the Bureau of Mines from July 1, 1943, to June 30, 1949. It is the thirteenth of a series of annual reports, which have aimed to bring to the reader a resume of the research results that have appeared in published form during each fiscal year. The work of the Explosives Branch covers a number of activities - explosives research, explosives testing, flame and combustion research, flammability of gases and vapors, dust-explosions research, and technical studies in the experimental mine. An important part of the work of the branch is fundamental research to advance our knowledge and understanding of explosion processes. Considerable emphasis has been placed on studies of ignition and flame stabilization, as it is felt that an understanding of these processes should assist materially in alleviating explosion hazards in coal mines. The results are also finding important application in the development of jet propulsion. Studies of the explosibility of gases, vapors, and dusts saving thousands of lives and are preventing the destruction of much property. In innumerable instances in which potential explosion hazards exist, safe operating procedures have been recommended from data taken in the Laboratory. Aware of the value to national security of research results of combustion, flame, and explosion, the Army, Navy, and Air Forces are actively supporting important phases of this fundamental research.

Jan 1, 1950

By Luis Calzado P.

La unidad de producción de Cerro de Pasco, perteneciente a la Compañía minera del Centro del Perú, cuenta con importantes reservas de minerales piríticos argentíferos que son tratados en la planta concentradora de San Expedito. Dicho concentrado es usualmente empleado como funderte en el circuito de cobre de la fundición de La Oroya. Sin embargo, dada la finura del material, su porcentaje se ha visto reducido. En este sentido, el presente trabajo señala una alternativa para recuperar la plata contenida en el concentrado mineral a través de un análisis mineralógico del concentrado pirítico. Posteriormente, se describe el proceso combinado piro-hidrometalúrgico que consiste en la tostación-lixiviación, precipitación con polvo de zinc y la refinación hidrometalúrgica. Finalmente como apoyo a la técnica señalada, se agrega el análisis económico para Centromin.

Aug 26, 1988