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By Jorge Ganoza

Algunos concentrados de plomo contienen contaminantes que afectan la comercialización del concentrado de cobre debido a aspectos ambientales, así como la calidad del producto final. En ese sentido, el presente texto busca la forma de minimizar la presencia del plomo y de bismuto en el concentrado de cobre, a través de la flotaciónpor chalcopirita. De otro lado, dado que el plomo y bismuto son elementos que tienen similar comportamiento durante la flotación, es factible aislar los minerales de plomo y bismuto.

Nov 1, 2012

Mitsui Aluminium Co. of Japan announced that it would finance 25 percent of the construction costs for the 217,000 ton-per-year primary aluminum smelter being built by Alumax, Inc. at Holly, SC. Mitsui would receive 25 percent of the plant's production in return. Construction on the smelter began early in 1978, and is scheduled to be completed in 1981. The Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa) announced plans to restart a third potline at its Point Comfort, TX primary aluminum smelter in July. The company previously announced plans to restart two potlines at the facility in May. Reynolds Metals Co. began preparations to restart primary aluminum production in May in one of two 57,000 ton-per-year potlines at its Corpus Christi, TX smelter. The plant has been closed since 1975.

Jan 1, 1979

By Julián Pérez Falcón

El mineral que se procesa en la planta concentradora de Mesapata-Cátac de la Compañía Minera Toma la mano S.A. presenta comportamientos complejos puesto que el mineral es oxidado y polimetálico. En ese sentido, el presente texto busca recuperar los minerales oxidados polimetálicos complejos a través de la tecnología limpia de dicha empresa que consiste en eliminar reactivos nocivos al medio ambiente y sustituir o reducir a otros por reactivos orgánicos.

Aug 1, 2012

Q: It is May 1961 at Bill Wrather's Washington house. Bill, think back to your first job after college. Wrather: Perhaps I ought to go back a little bit further than my first job. I entered the University of Chicago with the idea of studying law. My intention was to take a 4-yr liberal arts course and superimpose a law degree on that. But during my undergraduate work I fell under the influence of R. D. Salsbury. He decided I had some talent as a geologist and influenced me to take a geological course. Nevertheless, I did not give up the idea of law. While in school I took a spell of typhoid fever and almost died. The doctor recommended outdoor exercise, so a geological job seemed logical. W. H. Emmons was a graduate student in the University and he interceded with Dr. Hayes of the USGS. I went on the payroll as assistant packer at $60 a month. I had one of the most glorious summers I ever spent in my life. That fall and the following year I took law courses and became thoroughly convinced that I was cut out for a geologist rather than a lawyer. I finished up my law work in 1908 while waiting for a job with Bill Emmons, who was doing a careful study of Goldfield and Tonopah.

Jan 4, 1964

By Mirian Mamani

El presente texto describe una base de datos geológica que comprende: geología integrada, estructuras definidas en campo de mediciones y edades en actividad, ocurrencia de minerales metálicos, mediciones de aeromagnetometría y geocronología de rocas ígneas y metamórficas donde es importante delimitar los dominios geotectónicos para la exploración de yacimientos. En ese sentido, el presente texto describe las nuevas zonas propicias para la exploración en el sur del Perú a través de la identificación de fallas corticales y dominios geotécnicos dentro del proyecto GR1: Geología de la Costa Sur y vertiente oeste de la Cordillera Occidental de la Dirección de Geología Regional del Ingemmet.

Feb 1, 2012

By R. T. C. Rasmussen

"INTRODUCTION The primary purpose of the Bureau of Mines electrolytic manganese pilot plant at Boulder City, Nev., is to improve the Bureau-invented electrowinning process and to determine the applicability of the process to the extensive domestic low-grade manganese ores with a view to making the United States dependent upon foreign sources of manganese. 3/4/ Incidental to accomplishing this purpose, the pilot plant has produced a substantive quantity of electrorytic manganese since the start of operations late in 1941; present cabacity about 1 ton a day of manganese metal. A second important purpose of the pilot plant is the supplying of electrolytic manganese for full-scale tests in cooperation with industrial users of manganese.The Rustless Iron& Steel Corp., Baltimore, Md., was the first steel company to cooperate with the Bureau of Mines in large-scale testing of electrolytic manganese. Arrangements were made with C. E. Tuttle, then president of the corporation, whereby the Bureau would supply electrolytic manganese to make a sufficient number of full-scale stainless-steel heats to demonstrate thoroughly its merits as a replacement for low-carbon ferro-manganese in the corporation's stainless-steel practice. The corporation's purpose in the investigation was to determine the possible advantages of electrolytic manganese resulting from its almost complete lack of phosphorus and caroon that might offset its then considerably higher cost per unit of manganese than low-carbon ferromanganese. The data presented herein are based upon reports of A. L. Field, technical director, and L. Weitzenkern, research engineer of Rustless Iron & Steel Corp.; they are supplemented by observation of the author who visited the plant during the tests."

Oct 1, 1945

By Flaviano Galdino

Com a implantação do projeto de digitalização do Nível 1 no laminador de tiras a frio da CSN - Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional, a CSN modernizou o obsoleto controle de processo. Com essa modernização, houve a necessidade de adequação no Procom para manter a comunicação entre eles. Devido a essa necessidade, foi elaborado um plano estratégico para a atualização tecnológica deste Procom. O projeto foi divido em fases e o que vamos apresentar é resultado da primeira fase, onde a CSN desenvolveu com recurso interno.

Jul 30, 2018

Trans No. Place Date Vol. 1. Wilkes-Barre, Pa' May, '71 1 2. Bethlehem, Pa Aug., '71 1 3. Troy, N. Y Nov., '71.. 1 4. Philadelphia, Pa Feb., '72.. 1 5. New York, N. Y.' May, '72.. 1 8. Pittsburgh, Pa Oct., '72.. 1 7. Boston, Maas Feb., '73.. 1 8. Philadelphia, Pa." May, '73.. 2 9. Easton, Pa Oct., '73.. 2 10. New York, N. Y Feb.. '74.. 2 11. St. Louis, Mo.* May, '74.. 3 12. Hazleton, Pa Oct., '74.. 3 13. New Haven, Conn Feb., '75.. 3 14. Dover, N. J. ? May, '75.. 4 15. Cleveland, 0 Oct., '75.. 4 16. Washington, D. C Feb., '76.. 4 17. Philadelphia, Pa.} June, '76.. 5 18. Philadelphia, Pa Oct., '76.. 5 19. New York, N. Y Feb., '77.. 5 20. Wilkes-Barre, Pa. ? May, '77.. 8 21. Amenia, N. Y Oct., '77, . 6 22. Philadelphia, Pa Feb., '78:. 6 23. Chattanooga, Tenn.*...May, '78'.. 7 24. Lake George, N. Y Oct., '78.. 7 25. Baltimore, Md.* Feb., '79.. 7 26. Pittsburgh, Pa Mayo '79.. 8 27. Montreal, Canada Sept., '79., 8 28, New York, N. Y.? Feb., 'SO.. 8 29. Lake Superior, Mich. ..Aug., '80.. 9 30. Philadelphia, Pa.' Feb., '81.. 9 31. Staunton, Va May, '81..10 32. Harrisburg, Pa Oct., '81..10 33. Washington, D. C.? ....Feb., '82..10 34. Denver, Colo Aug., '82..11

Jan 1, 1928

By Russell R. McLellan

The Tertiary channel gravel deposits in northern California were selected Or detailed investigation by the U. S. Bureau of Mines as part of a national program to locate potential sources of gold that might be developed rapidly by large-scale mining operations. Five bureau research centers representing mining and metallurgy subsystems coordinated their efforts in a team operation to identify and investigate possible solutions to the problem area, that long have discouraged the resumption of large-scale mining in the deposits. This report summarizes the individual investigations, conclusions and recommendations conducted and prepared by all mining subsystems research groups after the completion of two years of field work at the deposits on San Juan Ridge in Nevada County, California. The studies indicate that modern mining technology can cope with the environmental problems that closed the immense hydraulic mines in 1,884. however, they also indicate that mining can be conducted with only marginal profits its unless the price of gold remains substantially above $70 per ounce or unless sufficient by-products can be recovered and sold to place the average value per cubic yard of gravel into a positive commercial range. The by-product potential of the Tertiary gravels remains to be investigated in more detail.

Jan 1, 2012

By José Arango Ortiz

Ante los problemas económicos ocurridos durante el proceso de tratamiento hidrometalúrgico de los minerales oxidados de cobre en Cerro Verde, se decidó suspender dicho proyecto y se planteó un nuevo sistema donde era posible la lixiviación de los sulfuros. En este proceso de investigación, el uso de perforación no convencional desarrolló una función importante puesto que permitió recuperar muestras de hasta 20 metros de perforación en condiciones difíciles. Por tal motivo, el presente texto describe los mecanismos de lixivación de sulfuros desarrollados a escala industrial por el proyecto de Cerro Verde II a través de la perforación y los muestreos de los pads de lixiviación.

Nov 24, 1986

By J. M. Elder, W. S. Kow

Challenges to new heavy mineral deposit developments are presented. These include land use issues, particle fineness, declining grades, and particle coating, amongst others. Industry responses to these are presented as possible solutions.

Jan 1, 2005

By Alcio Heitor Somensari

O artigo apresenta um estudo de como um sistema de automação elétrica integrado deve fornecer uma completa visão do sistema elétrico, permitindo que as equipes de operação e manutenção tomem decisões precisas rapidamente após uma falha elétrica. As indústrias esperam que suas subestações estejam sempre disponíveis e ligadas, evitando paradas indesejadas. Para isso, precisam de soluções que recuperem o fornecimento de energia de forma rápida e segura, a um custo mínimo. Proporcionar um ambiente aprimorado na sala de controle para uma rápida solução de problemas e conectar subestações de locais hostis e distantes reduzem não apenas tempo de manutenção, mas também aumentam a segurança das equipes. A norma IEC 61850 nos permite entregar uma solução para um sistema mais intuitivo com acesso rápido a informações que melhoram a supervisão da planta na sala de controle.

Aug 16, 2017

By BUREAU OF MINES

In July, 1918, the attention of the Secretary of the Interior WItS called to the rapidly increasing cost of producing gold and the declining output of that metal in the United States. Realizing the importance of the gold-mining industry, the Secretary appointed a. committee, consisting of Hennen .Iennings, chairman, J. H. Mackenzie, and Charles Janin, of the Bureau of Mines, and H. D. Me- Caskey and F. L. Ransome, of the United States Geological Survey, to,make a thorough study of the gold-mining situation in the United States. The study was to cover the increased cost of recovery and the decreased output of gold, and to consider the different measures that had been proposed to relieve the industry and stimulate production. This report embodies the results of the investigation and study made by the committee. The report presents statistical data compiled from various sources, showing the production of gold in the United States and other countries, with comparative figures for coal, iron, and other mineral products, and describes the sources and distribution of gold output in the United States. It discusses the relation of gold' production to finance and credit, the causes for the decline in gold output, and measures for the relief of the industry. The Interior Department publishes this report in the belief that the widest publicity possible should be given the findings of the committee in order that attention may be directed to the serious conditions revealed therein, and in the hope that wide discussion of the subject may result in some action being taken that will aid in upholding the gold standard ,and the gold industry.

Oct 30, 1919

By Alfonso Ballón

La producción de hierro por medio del alto horno se realiza en condiciones limitadas en lo que refiere al combustible reductor coque, ya que necesita mayores proporciones de materias volátiles en los carbones originarios. Por ello, la presente investigación remarca la importancia del uso del horno eléctrico de reducción o de cuba baja, como unidad metalúrgica más idónea para producir arrabio de variadas cualidades. Asimismo la aplicación de este horno, permite extender su producción en la industria siderúrgica de algunos paises europeos y asiáticos, y por qué no dentro de América Latina.

Jun 20, 1954

By Leoncio Méndez, Jesús Arguijo, Juan José Frausto, Daniel Castruita, Daniel Aguilar

Minera Sabinas (Grupo Peñoles), localizada en Sombrerete, Zacatecas, México, produce concentrados de cobre y zinc. Su proceso es un circuito de conminución de quebradoras y dos molinos de bolas en circuito cerrado con hidrociclones seguido de un circuito de flotación, a partir de mineral polimetálico extraído de una mina subterránea. Su problemática consiste en que la recuperación por flotación disminuye significativamente cuando minerales con contenido de pirrotita son procesados. La flotabilidad natural de la pirrotita supera la cinética de flotación de las especies de cobre y zinc y limita la capacidad de la concentradora para generar concentrados vendibles. Este artículo presenta un diagnosticó de los problemas que se tienen cuando se procesan minerales con alto contenido de pirrotita, así como resultados de un programa experimental a escala laboratorio realizado en el CIDT de Peñoles y en sitio. La investigación se enfocó en definir un esquema de reactivos para poder procesar minerales con pirrotita en su composición. Compósitos de alta y baja ley de cobre fueron usados en la investigación. Se identificó el agua de proceso como una fuente de iones calcio y sulfato. Se desarrolló un esquema de reactivos orientado a promover la selectividad de las especies de valor respecto a la pirrotita, incluyendo tratamiento del agua de proceso.

Sep 20, 2019

By S. Burks

This paper develops the themes explored by the authors at the Fourth International Platinum Conference,. Optimization techniques can be used to significantly increase the value of mining businesses by enabling better long-term planning decisions. Open pit and underground mine design, mine scheduling, cut-off grade and blending, stockpiling, and the linking of these to flexible elements of the metallurgical recovery processes are all evaluated together. Transport or sale of intermediate products and the requirements of the product metal markets can also be considered. Experience shows that net present value (NPV) can potentially be increased by 5-35 per cent or more, usually even before the expenditure of significant amounts of project capital. The case studies presented include: > An existing operation with multiple open pits and PGM concentrators linked to offsite downstream processing facilities, and with infrastructure constraints for which the scheduling of current operations and the potential for expansion were investigated > An existing operation with an integrated portfolio of mines, concentrators, smelter, and refinery, for which the various possible sources of ore for processing were prioritized to match the downstream process plant constraints and the product markets > An underground operation in Zimbabwe for which the optimum mining width was calculated and expansion plans were evaluated > An underground mine with many separate mining sections, for which a revised schedule was developed aiming to keep the shaft system and processing plant at capacity with the highest net value material available at any time throughout the life of mine. In the concluding section of the paper, a few brief notes are included suggesting how the strategic recommendations from enterprise optimization studies may be implemented by the owner's team.

Jan 1, 2013

By Víctor Murray, Augusto Barton, David Shatwell

La clasificación de minerales basada en sensores es una tecnología usada para clasificar rocas mineralizadas de rocas estériles con el objetivo de reducir los costos de operación. En el pasado, se han propuesto muchos algoritmos de clasificación de minerales usando imágenes a color o imágenes hiperespectrales, pero pocos de ellos aprovechan ambos tipos de imágenes para crear algoritmos más precisos. En este trabajo, se presenta un algoritmo novedoso que combina las mejores características de color, textura y de curvas espectrales de manera completamente automática usando inteligencia artificial.

Sep 30, 2022

La influencia de los estudios de adsorción para el beneficio de los minerales, se relaciona con la flotabilidad de las especies minerales, y la perspectiva que se ofrece para el progreso de la metalurgia de concentración. Por ello, el objeto de la investigación se basa en la realización de tales experimentos como búsqueda del dominio de la clase de fenómenos fisico-químicos. Dentro de los métodos usuales de determinación de xantatos por yodo, se buscó hallar la concentración por medio del descenso de la adsorción, para determinar la máxima cantidad de reactivo y encontrar el más adecuado para el mineral. Empero, se reparó que a mayor concentración de colector, se genera mayor adsorción. Asímismo cuando se añade el xantato sobre el mineral con poca agua, la cantidad de reactivo adsorbida es superior, justificándose la ventaja que en procesos industriales significaría acondicionar después del espesamiento. En cuanto a la adsorción de galena oxidada, se observa que mezclando este mineral con un sulfuro de zinc, disminuye la adsorción. Posteriormente se ve cómo la superficie oxidada de la galena, puede alterarse por medio de reactivos, variando el grado de adsorción para los diferentes reactivos colectores de flotación. Finalmente se infiere que la realización de las pruebas pretenden determinar principalmente cuál es el reactivo más adecuado más adecuado para una galena determinada.

Jul 20, 1957

By Robert G. Clarke

The production of natural abrasives varied in quantity and value compared with those of 1974. Output of tripoli-type materials and garnet both decreased in quantity and value. Special silica stone products decreased in quantity but in-creased in value. The production of emery increased 38% in quantity. The production of manufactured abrasive materials decreased for all types and the decreases were more in quantity than in value. [ ] FOREIGN TRADE Imports of abrasive materials were 15% less in value than in 1974, and exports plus reexports decreased in value 10%. Net exports, the excess of exports and reexports over imports, were $9.3 million, about four times that of 1974. The volume of all abrasive materials exported decreased and the value of nearly all decreased.

Jan 1, 1977

By Zetti Gavelan, Eric Ruiz, Emilio Delgado, Ely Loayza, Jesus Cruces

La planta concentradora de minera Las Bambas logró rápidamente, y de manera sostenible, llegar a su capacidad de diseño de 140 Kton/día. Para mejorar el concepto de conminución, se inició el proceso de reducción de tamaño en el manejo de los factores de carga, diseño de mallas de perforación y diseño de voladura del macizo rocoso, debido a la variabilidad de la competitividad del yacimiento que está formado por skarn y pórfidos. Gracias a un trabajo en conjunto, la maximización del sistema de molienda SAG se consigue de manera sostenible con la integración del equipo de voladura en las optimizaciones realizadas en la planta, de manera que se logra incrementar la operación a 150 kton/día, lo que utiliza de manera eficiente la energía de la operación.

Sep 20, 2019