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By Gilles Carrière

"The Suffield mine is situated five miles southwest of the city of Sherbrooke, in the Eastern Townships of Quebec. lt is the property of Suffield Metals Corporation Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ascot Metals Corporation Limited.The old Suffield or Griffith mine had been worked intermittently from 1863 to 1906, without ever producing much ore. In 1951, diamond drilling done by Ascot Metals proved over one million tons of ore in three new bodies. The average grade of this ore was 0·018 ounces of gold per ton, 2-40 ounces of silver, l ·28 per cent copper, 0·59 per cent lead, and 6-45 per cent zinc. Since then the mine has been active, producing between 300 and 700 tons daily. More recent exploration has found continuations of the ore zones.General GeologyThe ore of the Suffield mine is found in porphyritic rhyolites of the Sherbrooke group (Silurian), at or close to its contact with sediments of the Beauceville group (Ordovician). The contact shows pronounced folds as well as irregularities due to erosion of the sediments prior to the outpour-ing of the lavas. On surface the general strike is north, and the dip is steeply east.The footwall sediments consist of interbedded black graphitic slates and. dark-coloured chloritic quartzite, overlain in many places by a thin bed of magnetite-hearing quartzite.The rhyolite host rock is a light grey rock, containing very abundant quartz and feldspar phenocrysts in a microcrystalline matrix of the same minerals. Some sericite is always present, especially in the vicinity of the ore zones, where the rock shows a pronounced schistosity.Several narrow basic dykes, with an easterly strike and vertical dip, cut all other formations. Most are lamprophyres, of either the monchiquite or camptonite type, but one has been identified as a diabase."

Jan 1, 1949

By A. J. Hargraves

"It is difficult to quantify comparatively the gassiness of a property. The most common index to gassiness, cubic feet of gas per ton of coal mined, is very arbitrary and does not take into account the geological setting nor the mining operation. The gassiness of a virgin coal in situ can be assessed, but no method is precise and the most accurate methods involve prolonged field and laboratory experiments. In general, gassiness increases with depth. Whereas 'gas' normally implies methane, other gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc. may be present in seam gas also. The inflammability of methane is a problem, particularly the explosibility of a methane-air mixture; also oxygen dilution is involved in high gas concentrations and some gases are poisonous even in low concentrations. Cross measuring into a virgin seam is usually not as troublesome as development in the seam, where narrow openings may require strong ventilation to dilute gases exuding from the face and sides. Total extraction presents problems of gas from the working seam, or from adjacent seams, particularly at the return side, or of gas-laden air from the goaf streaming out or sometimes surging out intermittently, again on the return side. In pillar extraction or longwall retreating special roadways may be required to allow the side-to-side and end-to-end flushing of the goaf which is somewhat inherent in longwall advancing. Layering may occur, particularly where ventilation conditions are not brisk. Outbursts of gas from adjoining seams may be induced by sudden rupture of roof or floor in caving workings. Outbursts of coal and gas from the working seam may occur, mostly in development work, under special environmental circumstances. Gas problems may be reduced or eliminated by predrainage of gas ....:. rarely successful from the working seam - usually undertaken from adjoining seams prior to escape of gas released by caving. The ideal solution - general predrainage of gas to the surface from measures prior to mining - has yet to be accomplished. • In the planning of gassy mines it is possible to make an assessment of gas contained in the seams and to estimate what proportion will be released into the mine air, but emission of gas into mine workings is never steady and at present there is no better planning criterion than experience at the mine next door!"

Jan 1, 1973

By Louise Laverdure

The Canadian mining sector has to be innovative and invest in the development of sustainable mining technologies to maintain its international leadership. Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) collaborated with the Canada Mining Innovation Council (CMIC) to define the Green Mining Initiative (GMI) and in order to focus its R&D activities on industry and other stakeholders? needs. The GMI was launched in 2009 to spur innovation in the mining sector and further enhance its environmental performance. The initiative, led by CANMET- Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratories (MMSL), takes a holistic approach looking at the entire mining life cycle, from design to closure and beyond, through four innovation and research pillars: ? Footprint Reduction, ? Innovation in Waste Management, ? Mine Closure and Rehabilitation, and ? Ecosystem Risk Management. The Canada Mining Innovation Council has also been creating a new initiative on Sustainable Mining, which will bring further focus to environmental aspects of mining, and engaging wide range of research providers to develop research programs complementary to GMI goals.

May 1, 2011

By K. Koyama

As a study to establish a new energy-saving copper recycling process, the copper deposition at a cathode and oxidation of copper(I) at an anode from ammoniacal alkaline solutions containing Cu(I) or Cu(II) were investigated in order to examine the feasibility of electrolysis in this solution.. The current efficiencies were greater than 95% in the current density range of 200 to 1000 A m-2. The current efficiency decreased with the increasing Cu(II) concentration and temperature. In the batch-type electrolysis at the anode, during the initial stage, the current efficiencies were 100%, and the anode potentials ranged from 0 to 0.15V vs. SHE at a current density of 100 A m-2. During the subsequent stage, the current efficiency decreased with time, and the anode potential was around 1.35V vs. SHE where oxygen evolution at the anode surface was observed. As a result, the present electrolytic method can be the core technology in the said copper recycling process.

Jan 1, 2007

By Michel Jebrak, Claude Bellehumeur

Regional and orientation geochemical stream sediment surveys were carried out by the Quebec Department of Energy and Resources in southwestern Quebec, over a part of the Mont Laurier Terrane of the Grenville Province. The area contains some small stratiform zinc deposits. The response of Zn mineralization to geochemical surveys is weak; the known mineralization is not dermed by anomalous samples and consistent patterns. This study uses a technique that increases the geochemical signature of Zn mineralization in filtering out geochemical background components related to lithologies and surficial conditions. The background variations were modelled using principal component analysis, and the filtering technique consists of the partial reconstruction of the data matrix from results of principal component analysis. The filtering procedure considerably enhances the Zn anomalies located in the catchment basins of Zn deposits, and defines some new anomalies in proximity to the marbles of the Mont-Laurier Terrane, the principal metallotect of Zn mineralization.

Jan 1, 1993

By D. Runnels, A. Allaire, J. Fournier, Y. Sylvestre, F. Robichaud

The Goldex operation of Agnico-Eagle Mines (AEM) commenced operations in the spring of 2008. Following some months of initial operation, the grinding circuit capacity was under-performing according to the original design throughput. BBA Inc. (BBA) was commissioned, in February 2009, to study the different options and recommend the quickest and most cost-effective solution to increase the grinding circuit throughput rate. The mandate was to increase the throughput of the grinding circuit to beyond the original design of 7,000 tpd to 8,000 tpd or greater, while retaining the existing SAG and ball mills. The circuit was modelled using JKSimMet software to evaluate the different options, each with a number of different operating parameters. The option of secondary crushing of the SAG mill feed was retained. Comparison of the different options and simulation outcomes, design of the secondary crushing circuit, operating conditions, and initial adjustments in the design and operating results of the new grinding circuit are discussed in this paper.

Jan 1, 2012

By George P. Demopoulos

In this paper the author will provide an overview of over 20 years of research & developments in the area of hydrometallurgical arsenic immobilization that culminated recently in the industrial implementation of the atmospheric scorodite process. The paper will consider various aspects of arsenic fixation in the non-ferrous metal industry from the iron-arsenic co-precipitation process employed to arsenic-bearing effluent solutions; to autoclave processing of arsenical copper and gold feedstocks and the fate of the in-situ formed iron sulphato-arsenate precipitate phases; the precipitation and stability of scorodite; the possible stabilizing role of mineral phases like yukonite, and the development of "scoroditeplus" processes employing novel encapsulation strategies. Emphasis is placed on the characterization and long-term stability of the various forms of arsenic-immobilized phases under either oxic or anoxic conditions over a wide pH range and the establishment of critical links between process parameters and hazardous material stability, contributing thus to advancement of new generation safe and sustainable waste management technologies.

Jan 1, 2014

By Robert B. Parsons

"The annual onslaught of provincial budgets and tax changes is complete, and once again the Canadian taxpayer is being asked to dig deeper into his pocket to fund old and new programs. It is noteworthy that 1987 tax reform promised lower taxes, but a broader fax base. Five years later, we still have the broader tax base, but the lower faxes have gradually crept up to pre-tax reform levels. Surprise! Surprise!IntroductionThe last edition of Tax Notes commented on some important proposals announced in Manitoba's 1992 budget. In this issue, Tax Notes summarizes the 1992 budget proposals of British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec. These budgets reflect the continuing trend of transferring responsibilities and the related costs-from the federal government to the provinces. As well, the budget papers bear witness to the respective governments' political stripes. British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec are seeking higher tax revenues. Only Quebec continues to acknowledge the importance of the mining industry in its annual budget documents."

Jan 1, 1992

By Adrian White

Agenda Overview of pastefill at Kidd Mine Pipeline wear and the need to monitor Steel Loop monitoring Steel Borehole monitoring Monitoring pipe linings

May 1, 2013

By Mel Torrie

1 Want access to low level vehicle data so 3rd party apps can be applied as desired 2 Hardware Agnostic (COTS plug and play) 3 Common/Open protocols that facilitate integration and the coexistence of a variety of applications on a variety of equipment 4 Minimum computer hardware footprint 5 Technology Independence (including comm. backbone)

May 1, 2013

To date, improved thickening of clay mineral dispersions presents major technological and environmental challenge to mining and mineral processing industry worldwide. Flocculant-assisted dewatering processes currently employed during thickening are far from being efficient, requiring further development and process optimisation for dramatic improvement. In this paper, recent studies carried out to modify (i) pulp chemistry, (ii) flocculation performance and (iii) particle interactions to significantly improve the dewatering behaviour of flocculated, model and plant smectite and kaolinite clay dispersions are presented. It is shown that pulp pH-mediated hydrolyzable metal ion hydrolysis and specific adsorption in tandem with high molecular weight flocculant and shear may synergistically act to significantly enhance the dewaterability of both clay mineral pulps. Furthermore, polymeric flocculant structure type is demonstrated to show clear links with floc shear sensitivity, and hence, flocculation performance and pulp dewaterability. The implications and relevance of the findings plant clay mineral waste tailings thickening operations are drawn.

Jan 1, 2006

By S. Mamonov, V. ?shikhin

"The purpose of work was the significant increase of copper recovery from slag at a concentrating plant. Analysis of study of slag phase composition showed the perspective of a slow slag cooling method due to its recrystallization and transition of primary copper minerals to secondary.Copper content in base slag varied between 0.71 and 0.96%. The study of a degree of copper minerals release of the slowly cooled slag in comparison with a yielding slag showed that in a flotation size grade –0.071 mm of yielding slag the weight ratio of released copper minerals grains is 58.95% against 86.73% in samples of slowly cooled slag. The process flotation sheet consists of three main, one control and two cleaner flotation operations with aftergrinding of middling products. A reagent mode was differed from a factory one by decreasing the slurry pH from 11–12 to 8–9. This paper shows research results of the slurry alkalinity impact on technological indexes of beneficiation (flotation).Industrial testing of a resulted batch of slowly cooled slag at “SUMZ” concentrating plant showed the efficiency of such processing: copper recovery to a copper concentrate increased by 15–19%.INTRODUCTIONIntensive development of mining and metallurgy industries within a 250-year period in the Ural region led to forming of approximately 315 man-made mineral formations at the territory of the Sverdlovsk region. The region contain over 32.5 billion tons of barren rocks and out of balance ores, over 1.5 billion tons of tailings, over 115 million tons of slimes, and over 100 million tons of metallurgical slag (Demin et al., 2000). Latters, at average, contain 407 thousand tons of copper, 2519 thousand tons of zinc, 7 tons of gold, and 150 tons of silver (Rudoy et al., 2011). Wastes generated in mining processing and metallurgical sector of economy contain not only thousands tons of copper and zinc, but cause significant damage to the environment where they are located. The reduction of negative impact of anthropogenic wastes on the environment as well as the storage volume reduction of valuable metals from dump slags is possible by improving the efficiency of the melting and further flotation of slags formed during this process."

Jan 1, 2016

By J. Dupre, A. Gontcharov, H. Pepin

Produced by the conventional TIG welding CMSX-4 welds had been studied. It was demostrated that microstructure of welds depended on filler materials, welding parameters and joint design. Epitaxial solidification of CMSX-4 clad deposits produced a directionally solidified structure while welding with the similar filler material. Defects free clad welds were obtained by TIG welding without preheating using similar and dissimilar filler materials.

Jan 1, 2006

By Erol Yilmaz

This poster presents results obtained from an experimental test set-up called CUAPS (curing under applied pressure system) allowing to assess the performance and quality of cemented paste backfill (CPB) materials. CUAPS can be used for carrying out a series of tests: one-dimensional consolidation, saturated hydraulic conductivity, pore-water pressure dissipation, and curing under uniaxial stress. The poster presents CUAPS testing preliminary results including uniaxial compression tests (UCS) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). It was demonstrated that CUAPS-consolidated CPB materials cured under time-dependent stresses provide higher UCS values than standard mould (undrained and unconsolidated) CPB samples. This may be explained by the release of excess pore water within backfill that gives rise to a significant reduction in the total porosity of fresh CPB materials prior to hardening and thus, to higher mechanical strength (UCS) gain. The results obtained from MIP highlighted a good correlation between CUAPSconsolidated and mould-unconsolidated CPB samples. MIP results were also related to UCS values in order to predict the final CPB mechanical strength.

Nov 1, 2008

By Henry Hengeveld

Are the IPCC results credible? The most recent IPCC assessment is??an admirable summary of research activities in climate science? US National Academy of Science 2001 report to President Bush Joint statement by Academies of Science from 17 other countries ? May 2001 ?The work of the?IPCC represents the consensus of the international science community on climate change science. We recognize IPCC as the world?s most reliable source of information?and endorse its method of achieving this consensus.?

Nov 1, 2002

By Kevin Ross

Feasibility Study Team Processing / Engineering?Hatch, Vancouver Mining / Reserves?Australian Mine Consultants, Brisbane Geology / Resources?Roscoe Postle Associates, Vancouver Environmental / Permitting?Rescan, Vancouver Tailings BGC, Kamloops Probable Mine Components Mining tending towards caving methods Underground mine accessed by shaft /conveyor & decline Processing plant producing copper concentrate containing gold Concentrate trucked to rail head for export Non saturated tailings disposal

May 1, 2006

By Gilles Carrière

"The Huntingdon mine of Quebec Copper Corporation is situated 3 miles south of the village of Eastman, in the Eastern Townships of Quebec. The copper deposit consists of several pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite replacement bodies or bands.The first mining operations on the conspicuous surface gossan of the Huntingdon deposit started in 1865. They were suspended in 1883. The .mine was again active from 1890 to 1893 and from 1912 to 1924. These operations were carried to a depth of 500 feet, and it is estimated that some 150,000 tons of ore were extracted, of a grade reported as varying between 3 Yi and 7 per cent copper.In 1950 a program of exploration was initiated in the area of the old mine, and resulted in the finding of 500,000 tons of ore with a grade of 2 per cent copper. A new shaft was sunk to a depth of 1,160 feet, and by February 1954 the mine was extracting 800 tons of ore daily.General Geology and StructureThe mineralized zones are on the west side of a band of altered volcanic rock, locally called andesite, adjacent to a sill-like body of serpentinized peridotite which lies west of the andesite. The bands of andesite and serpentine extend several miles north and south of the mine. Their strike is generally north 15 degrees east, and they dip steeply east. Their widths vary very considerably along the strike, but in the mine area each is about 450 feet wide on surface. They are enclosed in sediments of the Caldwell series, consisting of greywackes, quartzites, slates, and shales. The andesite belongs to the same series, which is thought to be of Cambrian age (1). The ultrabasic intrusive is post-Ordovician.At p\aces along the serpentine contact the andesite shows a pronounced schistosity; it is parallel to the contact and rarely extends farther than a hundred feet from it. No evidence of strong folding or faulting has been found so far in the mine workings. Some apparent distortions and irregularities in the strike of the contact may all be due to the intrusive nature of the serpentine. In the mine area, transgressive tongues of serpentine point southward in the andesite.A few vertical lamprophyre dykes, not more than five feet thick, cut the other formations at right angles."

Jan 1, 1949

By Mark W. Masson, David B. Stevenson, David W. Broughton, Douglas R. Cruji, Steven E. Parry

"Abstract-The Amalgamated Kirkland gold deposit is located at Kirkland Lake, Ontario, within the Archean Abitibi Greenstone belt of the Canadian Shield. It lies on a fault or "break", termed the Cyprus Break, which is a splay off a regional structure termed the Cyprus-Battle Mountain Break. The Cyprus Break merges with the Cyprus - Battle Mountain Break above the -250 m level, as it was not encountered in shallow drilling or surface exploration. These structures lie 1.5 km south of the 727 000 kg (23 million ounce) Kirkland Lake Main Break and 0.5 km north of the 872 000 kg (30 million ounce) Larder Lake Break.The deposit is hosted by alkalic Timiskaming Group volcanic and sedimentary rocks which are overthrust by older Larder Lake Group tholeiitic and komatiitic flows along the Larder Lake Break. Timiskaming syenitic intrusives, similar to the host rocks for the Kirkland Lake Main Break gold deposit, intrude both suites.The Amalgamated Kirkland deposit consists of lode-style gold mineralization which is mainly hosted by altered and pyritized Timiskaming trachytic volcanics which wedge out or thin at depth, between two sedimentary units. The intersection of the Cyprus - Battle Mountain and Cyprus Breaks, in conjunction with the westward plunge of the volcanic wedge, appears to control the westerly plunge of the Amalgamated Kirkland deposit at approximately 50º.Mineralization is characterized by blue-gray brecciated and "wormy" quartz-ankerite veins which contain up to 10% fine-grained pyrite and, in decreasing order of abundance, minor galena, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, molybdenite and visible gold. The sulfides and gold commonly occur along fractures and wallrock inclusions within the veins. Native gold occurs as fine pinpoints distributed in 1-mm to 5-mm size clusters of up to ten or more grains.The auriferous veins occur within a quartz-ankerite-sericite-pyrite alteration assemblage which is enveloped by a broader zone of ankerite-sericite±hematite±quartz-pyrite alteration up to 60 m wide. This latter assemblage overprints the regional greenschist-facies chlorite-calcite assemblage.The Amalgamated Kirkland property has had a long history of exploration activity beginning with the first discovery of mineralization in 1911 on the Hunton Shaft claim located in the northeast corner of the property. Since that time various prospecting, mapping, trenching, geophysical surveys and diamond drilling programs have concentrated on either carbonate zones along the Larder Lake Break or quartz veins along the northern side of the property in association with complex trachyte flows and syenite dikes.Battle Mountain Canada Inc. located the Cyprus - Battle Mountain Break through a prospecting, trenching and geophysical program in 1989. Drilling by Battle Mountain and Cyprus Canada under the surface showing, coupled with several revisions to the structural interpretation of the Cyprus - Battle Mountain and Cyprus Breaks, resulted in delineation of the Amalgamated Kirkland deposit. Location of an auriferous structure through basic surface exploration within 1 km of a world-class orebody demonstrates both the subtle nature of Archean gold deposits and the potential for finding new mineralization in heavily prospected camps."

Jan 1, 1995

By Mark W. Masson, David B. Stevenson, David W. Broughton, Douglas R. Cruji, Steven E. Parry

"The Amalgamated Kirkland gold deposit is located at Kirkland Lake, Ontario, within the Archean Abitibi Greenstone belt of the Canadian Shield. It lies on a fault or “break”, termed the Cyprus Break, which is a splay off a regional structure termed the Cyprus-Battle Mountain Break. The Cyprus Break merges with the Cyprus – Battle Mountain Break above the -250 m level, as it was not encountered in shallow drilling or surface exploration. These structures lie 1.5 km south of the 727 000 kg (23 million ounce) Kirkland Lake Main Break and 0.5 km north of the 872 000 kg(30 million ounce) Larder Lake Break.The deposit is hosted by alkalic Timiskaming Group volcanic and sedimentary rocks which are overthrust by older Larder Lake Group tholeiitic and komatiitic fows along the Larder Lake Break. Timiskaming syenitic intrusives, similar to the host rocks for the Kirkland Lake Main Break gold deposit, intrude both suites.The Amalgamated Kirkland deposit consists of lode-style gold mineralization which is mainly hosted by altered and pyritized Timiskaming trachytic volcanics which wedge out or thin at depth, between two sedimentary units. The intersection of the Cyprus – Battle Mountain and Cyprus Breaks, in conjunction with the westward plunge of the volcanic wedge, appears to control the westerly plunge of the Amalgamated Kirkland deposit at approximately 50º.Mineralization is characterized by blue-gray brecciated and “wormy” quartz-ankerite veinswhich contain up to 10% fne-grained pyrite and, in decreasing order of abundance, minor galena,chalcopyrite, sphalerite, molybdenite and visible gold. The sulfdes and gold commonly occur alongfractures and wallrock inclusions within the veins. Native gold occurs as fne pinpoints distributed in 1-mm to 5-mm size clusters of up to ten or more grains.The auriferous veins occur within a quartz-ankerite-sericite-pyrite alteration assemblage which is enveloped by a broader zone of ankerite-sericite±hematite±quartz-pyrite alteration up to 60 m wide. This latter assemblage overprints the regional greenschist-facies chlorite-calcite assemblage.The Amalgamated Kirkland property has had a long history of exploration activity beginning with the first discovery of mineralization in 1911 on the Hunton Shaft claim located in the northeast corner of the property. Since that time various prospecting, mapping, trenching, geophysical surveys and diamond drilling programs have concentrated on either carbonate zones along the Larder Lake Break or quartz veins along the northern side of the property in association with complex trachyte flows and syenite dikes.Battle Mountain Canada Inc. located the Cyprus – Battle Mountain Break through a prospecting, trenching and geophysical program in 1989. Drilling by Battle Mountain and Cyprus Canada under the surface showing, coupled with several revisions to the structural interpretation of the Cyprus –Battle Mountain and Cyprus Breaks, resulted in delineation of the Amalgamated Kirkland deposit. Location of an auriferous structure through basic surface exploration within 1 km of a world-class orebody demonstrates both the subtle nature of Archean gold deposits and the potential for finding new mineralization in heavily prospected camps."

Jan 1, 1995

By Kostas Fytas

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a serious environmental problem that preoccupies the Canadian Mining Industry. Considerable amounts of money are spent every year in an effort to prevent or reduce the acid mine drainage phenomenon. AMD occurs when sulphide minerals (ex. pyrite) contained in rock are exposed to air and water and subsequently oxidize to produce low pH water. This acid effluent has the potential to mobilize any heavy metals contained in the rock. Coating the sulphide minerals with silicates is a new promising technology to reduce AMD. Pyrite is treated with a solution containing H2O2, sodium silicate and a buffering agent. H2O2 oxidizes a small part of pyrite producing ferric iron (Fe3+) ions. These ions subsequently react with the silicate ions to produce ferric hydroxide-silica that precipitates on the pyrite surface producing a passive coating. This silicate coating can protect the grains of pyrite from oxidation. This paper presents a series of experiments that confirm that silicate coating can considerably reduce AMD.

May 1, 2001