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By J M. Wang, Q M. Hao

A mathematical model is set up to solve the problem of optimal design of the production scheduling on exacting open pit mine. At the same time, the establishment of model in operation condition and its solution are considered completely. It gives not only algorithm of optimal design but also strict mathematical argumentation in the process of optimal design.

Jan 1, 2003

Concepts of facies are of proven worth in sedimentology, but have hitherto received little attention from volcanologists. The time is now ripe to develop facies schemes for volcanic products. This paper discusses possible facies applicable specifically to lava flows and ignimbrites, the intention being to explore possible approaches to the problem of recogniz- ing volcanic facies rather than attempting to develop a comprehensive facies scheme

Jan 1, 1987

A new classification of subduction related (epithermal- / mesother-mal) gold mineralisation styles based on the tectonic framework they occur in, has been found helpful in practice. It offers a ratio-nalisation of exploration efforts during all stages of work.Methodology on the ground during first pass- and follow up explo-ration which has been found effective for the various mineralisa-tion styles is being briefly outlined.

Jan 1, 1990

Following GyÆs earlier proposals for the use of StudentÆs t-test, a simplified, effective method and philosophy are proposed to test for maximum tolerable bias in data sets as well as in sampling devices. The philosophy of testing is particularly emphasised to derive important practical implications in terms of decision-making and risk control. Conclusions are offered which should equally matter to manufacturers and users of sampling equipment.

Jan 1, 2005

By M Vavro, V Slivka, J èterba

In the course of the last ten years the development of the mining industry in the Czech Republic has been influenced by the pushing through of economic and ecological criteria. Due to this coal mining was ended in the whole series of the underground coal mines. These mines become the source of ecological and safety risks û methane leakage, surface deformation, etc. The way of solving of these problems is by stowing of underground spaces, and also surface fault basins with the help of mixtures produced from industrial wastes. The presupposition of this procedure is knowledge of prescriptions for production of the mixtures, and of the economic advantageousness of carrying out these activities. This contribution pays attention to the utilisation of power-gypsum as a raw material in the production of mining-construction materials.

Jan 1, 2003

In order to do the discharge estimation better, it is valuable to find out appropriate formulas for estimating discharge in various pits, based on accumulating data, summarizing discharge patterns applying optimum seeking method and principle, by seeking redical exponent with help of the method of exhaustion, as well as testing and making statistics, in accordance with the quality standards established by our practical experience.

Jan 1, 1988

The exploration methods used by the British Coal Corporation in 1990 improve the geological reliability of underground coal production. Although some of the techniques in common use have been proved to be effective, their limitations are recognised and concentration has been on the increasing integration of direct and remote sensing techniques. Attention is focussed onto first seam workings in sections of at least 2 metres in the depth range of 400-1200 metres and covers both surface and underground exploration. The case studies of exploration techniques and their effect on mine design at several existing collieries are representative of a wide range of geological environments within the more productive British coalfields. Notwithstanding such improvements in exploration and geological reliability, further new exploration technology is currently being investigated or trialled by British Coal.

Jan 1, 1991

When a fire or explosion occurs underground the ventilation maybe disrupted and the atmos- phere may become oxygen deficient and filled with noxious and flammable gases. The basic survival technique for:any man alive underground is to escape and this may be achieved and rescue workers may enter such atmospheres to carry out rescue work underground by using appropriate breathing apparatus.

Jan 1, 1983

Evaluation of tyre chains has been taking place at King Island Scheelite for several years. Results indicate that tyre life has been greatly improved in all cases. Good cost sav- ings are resulting on small loaders. The worth of chains is difficult to prove on larger loaders under the conditions at King Island Scheelite. However, the dramatic decrease in the number of punctures has convinced the Company that chains are worthwhile on some larger loaders.

Jan 1, 1977

Industrial minerals and rocks (alternat ively called non-metallic minerals) are those- which are economically important because of their desirable physical or chemical properties rather than their metal or energy content. They are divided into nine classes: structural, pig- ments, process aids, ceramics and refractories, chemical source minerals, abrasives, foundry minerals, gem stones, electrical minerals. Development of deposits is influenced by the dominance of marketing,by the required range of products, the-need for specialized process- ing, place value, and the transportation and distribution of high-bulk, low-cost commodities. Evaluation is different from that of base metals because of differences in geological occurrence, sampling methods, testing, treatment, placing a money-value on the material and the importance of export markets.

Jan 1, 1973

The (SA Mine at Cobar produces a mix of copper and copper lead and zinc ores fran long hole open stopes. Primary jaw crusher product is fed to two parallel primary autogenous mills followed by a secondary ball mill. Each mill operates in closed circuit with cyclones. Grinding equipment and the main operating variables are described. Copper lead and zinc flotation concentrates are produced sequentially. The control systems and operating strategies are described.

Jan 1, 1983

In-seam drilling is conducted mainly to drain coal of gas and/or water prior to development or extraction. The requirements of inseam drilling for gas drainage have mainly surpassed the technical limits of rotary drilling and are mainly being addressed by guided down hole motor drilling, albeit at a higher cost. There is an increasing application of in-seam drilling to detect geological structures or other hazards or their absence in advance of mining to reduce the risks of underground mining. Close collaboration between miners, drillers, geologists, researchers and suppliers over the last four years has seen many advances made to improve the accuracy and reliability of inseam drilling. With such developments will come closer control over the ventilation and safety of future mining under deep gassy conditions, but not without costs. The paper summarises the current applications of inseam drilling, recent technological advances and the next generation survey and geophysical sensing tools which are currently being developed

Jan 1, 1998

By Gillies A. D S

The paper presents a review of research in the area of explosible coal dust with respect to safety in the underground mining environment. Research over the last several decades has concentrated on generating dust clouds in small scale laboratory explosion chambers to study flammability limits and the physical and chemical variables which affect explosion propensity. The validity of this approach is discussed and the results obtained for a range of coal types compared.

Jan 1, 1994

By J Lim, M Powell, P J. Scales

The current philosophy employed in the design of mineral processing plants effectively involves bolting together segmented unit operations both chosen and optimised from a product-centric perspective. In this context, integration of water saving technologies at an overall plant level becomes difficult and often only local water efficiency improvements are feasible. In general only limited benefit can be obtained from such add-on solutions. It is therefore proposed that to obtain significant savings in water consumption and reductions in the volume of discharged contaminated water in the mining process, the entire process along the mining and mineral processing chain should be addressed This paper explores aspects of the processes that may be modified to provide an integrated and combined step change saving in water consumption. It is also apparent from this study that taking a more holistic view of the process can provide significant benefits in energy savings and total cost of production, providing the potential of a substantial win-win outcome.

Jan 1, 2009

By Hutton W, Jack G. St

The Argyle Diamond Mines process plant incorporates a high level of computerised process control, and facilitates detailed performance monitoring. The control system was designed to provide a high degree of plant automation and a good quality interface to operators and management which includes control, data logging, graphics displays and detailed reporting. Performance monitoring techniques, both on-line and off-line have been developed to ensure circuit performance is optimised with particular emphasis on minimising diamond losses.

Jan 1, 1987

Selection of the mining method and most appropriate mine layout for deep open cut coal mines is discussed, giving particular attention to the types of mines expected to be developed in the future in Australia. Because of the more complex nature of these operations a large number of alternatives for mine design are available, and the constraints associated with these designs are discussed. Potential problems to be overcome are identified to allow setting of realistic targets for maximum output and build-up production rates.

Jan 1, 1981

The Airport Link Railway utilises innovative solutions to a number of issues associated with underground development and transport infrastructure planning. It is typical of the major change underway in the countryÆs rail and air transport industry. It involves the private sector providing transport facilities in competition with the public sector, a convergence of planning and transport imperatives, the use of the most technologically advanced engineering practices to minimise construction impacts on the community and a commercialised way of developing and maintaining railway infrastructure and services.

Jan 1, 1999

The energy crisis and the general increase in fuel prices have changed the position of coal in the world. Countries need to review their policies on coal, depending on available reserves and their accessibility. On the demand side, a distinction should be made between the steel industry's specific demand for coking coal and the needs of power stations where coal is used in competition with other sources of energy. Coal consumption in these two sectors is expected to increase considerably over the foreseable future. Some countries have sufficient coal of their own to meet this increased demand but others will have to rely on imports. As a result, the tonnage of coal transported by sea may double by 1985. The coal industry lacks flexibility. The opening of new mines and the construction of a transport system to ship the coal takes time. This time-lag, coupled with the enormous expenditure involved, makes long-term contracts between producers and consumers essential.

Jan 1, 1975

The relative importance of magmatic and metamorphic fluids in Archaean gold mineralisation has long been a subject of debate. Computer simulations can be used to explore the interaction between competing fluid flow drivers, thus providing insight into their role in mineralisation. This approach has been applied to Archaean gold mineralisation in the Yilgarn craton, Western Australia. A simple model representing regional metamorphism in a granite-greenstone terrane indicates that fluid produced during a regional metamorphic event in the Yilgarn was unlikely to have been involved in mineralisation, because it would have escaped from the crust long before the main gold event. Another model illustrates the competition between magmatic fluid production, convection, and deformation. The model shows that the timing of deformation relative to fluid production is important in determining the fate of magmatic and metamorphic fluids, and hence their potential to play a role in mineralisation. An EXTENDED ABSTRACT is available for download. A full-length paper was not prepared for this presentation.

Jan 1, 2008

By Van Groenou B

Traditionally mining and conservation have been regarded as opposing and mutually exclusive concepts of land use. Often problems are anticipated which cannot be substantiated by facts. In addition, an ill defined time-scale adds to potentially emotive issues. Examples from Australia and elsewhere are presented which illustrate the dynamic nature of the environment and accentuate sequence patterns in plant community development following natural and man-made disturbances. The mining industry generally appears to be aware of the environmental impact of mining and whilst endeavouring to minimise the disturbance, is still orientated towards maximum production.

Jan 1, 1984