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NAME AND OBJECT SEC. 1. This Institute is incorporated under the Membership Corporations law of the State of New York; its corporate name is American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, Incorporated; and its abbreviated title A. I. M. E. SEC. 2. The objects of this Institute, as set forth in its certificate of incorporation, are: "To promote the arts and sciences connected with the economic production of the useful minerals and metals, and the welfare of those employed in these industries by all lawful means; to hold meetings for social intercourse and the reading and discussion of professional papers, and to circulate by means of publications among its members the information thus obtained, and to establish and maintain a place for meeting of its members, and a hall for the reading of papers and delivery of addresses, and a library of books relating to subjects cognate to the sciences and arts of mining and metallurgy."

Jan 1, 1938

By H. De. Cizancourt

There is no new outstanding fact to be noted concerning the development of petroleum production and research in France and her possessions during 1935. France.—Pechelbronn remains the only important producing field in France. The total output has reached 538,921 bbl., showing a small decrease on last year's figures. Out of this, 302,737 bbl. was extracted by drilling and 236,184 bbl. (44 per cent) was obtained by means of shafts and galleries. Exploration of deeper formations was still in progress, and resulted in the discovery of a new Middle Triassic (Muschel-Kalk) producing horizon. In the vicinity of Hirtzbach (South Alsace) shallow exploration tests (500 ft.) were drilled by the Société de Pechelbronn, oil indications being found in the Tertiary. Two more important wells are now drilling in deeper horizons. The Chantenay well (Niévre) was finished in August, 1935, at a depth of 3544 ft.1 A test is under progress in Savoie. South of Gabian, at Pezenas, the erection of a rig is nearly completed.

Jan 1, 1936

By H. W. McCue, Henry Rogatz

Oil.—In the Texas Panhandle, during the year of 1941, 647 oil wells were drilled with a total daily initial production of 133,435 bb1.—that is, 145 more oil wells than in the previous year, with a decrease in total daily production of 5752 bbl. On Dec. 31, 1941, a daily allowable of 116,766 bbl., which was an increase of 27 per cent over 1940, was assigned to the field to be produced from 5182 wells. The total amount of oil produced for the year was 27,904,846 bbl., making a cumulative total of 404,657,324 bbl. during the past 20 years. Gas.—During the year, 52 gas wells were drilled, having a combined open flow of 2.62 billion cu. ft. per day—that is, 40 less than the number of wells drilled in 1940, with an increase in the open flow of 217,100,000 cu. ft. per day. The gas

Jan 1, 1942

By A. L. Holley

The existence of iron ore and anthracite coal in the neighborhood of Providence, R. I., baa long been known, chiefly as a geological fact; that these materials, so near to each other and to tidewater, are of such a good quality and are present in such large quantity, as to have seriously raised the question of establishing blast furnaces there, was a surprising fact to me; and I have thought that the few notes I have lately gathered on the subject would be of interest at this partly New England meeting. The coal field referred to has an area of above 400 square miles, and is found throughout the belt of transition rocks extending from Newport Neck to Mansfield, Massachusetts. It underlies the cities of Providence and Newport, and the towns of Middletown, Portsmouth, Jamestown, Warwick, Barrington, Cranston, North Provi-

Jan 1, 1879

By Cleveland Meeting

Jan 1, 1945

IRON AND STEEL COMMITTEE ALBERT SAUVEUR, Chairman A. A. STEVENSON, Vice-Chairman HERBERT M. BOYLSTON, Secretary, Abbot Bldg., Cambridge, Mass. Guilliaem Aertsen, Henry M. Howe, E. Gybbon Spilsbury, John Birkinbine, _Robert-W. Hunt, J, S. Unger; William-H. Blauvelt, J:-E: Johnson, Jr., Felix A: Vogel; Charles A. Buck, Charles Kirchhoff, Leonard Waldo, Ernest F. Burchard, Richard Moldenke, William R. Walker, F. D. Carney, Charles F. Rand, William R. Webster, James Gayley, Joseph W. Richards, Frederick W. Wood. Henry D. Hibbard, C. F. W. Rys, There will be a meeting of the Institute in Pittsburg on Oct. 8, 9, and 10, 1914. This meeting will be under the joint auspices of the Iron and Steel Committee, the Committee on Coal and Coke, and the Committee on Petroleum and Gas. The iron and steel papers will probably be presented on Oct. 8. The following papers have been received and accepted and will be read at the October meeting.

Jan 6, 1914

By A. D. Bryant

APPROXIMATELY 2 1/2 million tons of silica sand and ground silica with a value of $7.25 million is produced annually from the Ottawa, Illinois, district. These silica products come from the well known St. Peter sandstone formation which covers part of the Mississippi Basin extending from St. Paul on the north to the central part of Arkansas on the south and from Muncie, Ind., on the east to Kansas City on the west. Practically the whole state of Illinois is underlain by this formation except where removed by erosion. Sand produced from the St. Peter sandstone in the Ottawa district is noted for its purity, uniformity, and quality. In addition to various screened grades for industry about 10 pct of the total production of the Ottawa district is ground into silica flour for use in glass, abrasives, enamel, porcelain, tile, for foundry and filter sand, and other uses.

Jan 3, 1953

By Sultan Amerie

PERSIA looms up more prominently each year as one of the richest oilfields in the world. The actual production in the south and the possibilities in both the north and the south are very great. The output in the south, where the Anglo-Persian Oil Co. operates a wide concession, is steadily increasing, the returns for the fiscal year 1922-23 being 2,957,028 tons. The estimated production for. 1923-24 is 3,775,000 tons. The figures for the past few years have been as follows: 1918-19 1,106,415 tons 1920-21 1,743,557 tons 1919-20 1,385,301 tons 1921-22 2,327,221 tons According to the company's last annual report, the production from the -Persian fields operated by its subsidiaries has been well maintained and is now being increased to deal with the expanding off-take of the company's refineries at Abadan, Persia, and Dandarcy, Wales. Test drilling in an entirely different area in Persia indicates the existence of a new oilfield, which it is intended for the time being to hold as a reserve.

Jan 3, 1924

There is no new outstanding fact to be noted concerning the development of petroleum production and research in France and her possessions during 1935. France.—Pechelbronn remains the only important producing field in France. The total output has reached 538,921 bbl., showing a small decrease on last year's figures. Out of this, 302,737 bbl. was extracted by drilling and 236,184 bbl. (44 per cent) was obtained by means of shafts and galleries. Exploration of deeper formations was still in progress, and resulted in the discovery of a new Middle Triassic (Muschel-Kalk) producing horizon. In the vicinity of Hirtzbach (South Alsace) shallow exploration tests (500 ft.) were drilled by the Société de Pechelbronn, oil indications being found in the Tertiary. Two more important wells are now drilling in deeper horizons. The Chantenay well (Niévre) was finished in August, 1935, at a depth of 3544 ft.1 A test is under progress in Savoie. South of Gabian, at Pezenas, the erection of a rig is nearly completed.

Jan 1, 1936

By L. G. Laureau

This paper is presented to call the attention of steel-manufacturers to the need of further reform in the manner of casting and handling ingots. The problem of making the work usually performed in and around the casting-pit less dangerous to the men and less costly to the management is one which has occupied the minds

Jan 1, 1885

By Henry Rogatz, H. W. McCue

Oil.—In the Texas Panhandle, during the year of 1941, 647 oil wells were drilled with a total daily initial production of 133,435 bb1.—that is, 145 more oil wells than in the previous year, with a decrease in total daily production of 5752 bbl. On Dec. 31, 1941, a daily allowable of 116,766 bbl., which was an increase of 27 per cent over 1940, was assigned to the field to be produced from 5182 wells. The total amount of oil produced for the year was 27,904,846 bbl., making a cumulative total of 404,657,324 bbl. during the past 20 years. Gas.—During the year, 52 gas wells were drilled, having a combined open flow of 2.62 billion cu. ft. per day—that is, 40 less than the number of wells drilled in 1940, with an increase in the open flow of 217,100,000 cu. ft. per day. The gas

Jan 1, 1942

By Sebastian Paul Musco

The importance of the recovery of precious metals, specifically platinum group metals, was recently expressed by Robert McNamara, former head of the World Bank, who stated that the United States should stockpile strategic metals. More than 90% of the platinum metals are imported into the United States from South Africa and Russia. Mr. McNamara's concern is based on the possibility of a disruption of obtaining these metals due to any racial unrest in South Africa and a renewal of the Cold War with Russia. The United States has a platinum mine from coast to coast. Since 1974, the automotive industry has consumed 3 million ounces of platinum and palladium, and the recovery of these metals from auto catalyst converters is estimated to be 300,000 ounces of platinum per year. This would make the United States the 4th largest producer in the world.

Jan 1, 1984

By A. L. Volley

(Read at the Amenia Meeting, October, 1877.) THE existence of iron ore and anthracite coal in the neighborhood of Providence, R. I., has long been known, chiefly as a geological fact; that these materials, so near to each other and to tidewater, are of such a good quality and are present in such large quantity, as to have seriously raised the question of establishing blast furnaces there, was a surprising fact to me; and I have thought that the few notes I have lately gathered on the subject would be of interest at this partly New England meeting. The coal field referred to has an area of above 400 square miles, and is found throughout the belt of transition rocks extending from Newport Neck to Mansfield, Massachusetts. It underlies the cities of Providence and Newport, and the towns of Middletown, Portsmouth, Jamestown, Warwick, Barrington, Cranston, North Provi-

Jan 1, 1878

By G. K. Dumbauld, B. E. Morgan

A satisfactory well-cementing composition must retain its fluidity long enough to be pumped into Place; then it must develop within a reasonable length of time sufficient strength and impermeability to anchor the casing in position and to form an effective seal between the casing and the formations. These properties may be evaluated by pumpability, strength (compressive or tensile), and permeability tests. Laboratory test procedures for the determination of pumpability time and strength development have been outlined previously and are readily available,1 but a satisfactory and convenient laboratory procedure for the measurement of the permeability of set cement has not been developed heretofore. some permeability data have been obtained previously by passing air through dried cement specimens.2 such a procedure is unsatisfactory because the drying of set cement alters it physical and chemical properties and subjects it to conditions dissimilar to well conditions. A more realistic method would be one wherein the cement remains water-saturated durin

Jan 1, 1952

By Harold B. Ewoldt, Robert R. Reynolds

THE Upper Mississippi Valley zinc-lead district covers an area of some 2000 sq ml located in the southwestern corner of Wisconsin, the north-western corner of Illinois and a portion of eastern Iowa around the city of Dubuque. Commercial deposits of lead and zinc have been mined in Iowa but the major discoveries during the past eight years have been made in Jo Daviess County, Ill, and LaFayette County, Wis. Activities in the state of Illinois are centered about the city of Galena, while those in Wisconsin are located a few miles south and west of the town of Shullsburg.

Jan 3, 1951

(Under this heading will be published notes sent to the Secretary of the Institute by members or other persons. ) Position in sales department is open for a mining engineer with experience in mine ventilation and possessing some knowledge of fan design; one competent to lay out ventilating systems to meet various conditions. No. 2. A large company manufacturing mining machinery has an opening in one of its Western agencies for a young mechanical engineer who has had some experience in designing along general machine shop lines, and who is familiar with cost systems. No. 3. A large university desires to secure a prominent metallurgist for a vacant professorship in metallurgy. No. 4. Opening at a mine in New Jersey for a technical graduate to begin work as chairman on the surveying squad. Salary $50 per month to start. No. 5.

Jan 11, 1913

By Jack D. Arthur

The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, as amended, and related regulations take blasting safety into consideration by requiring compliance with existing state and federal laws. The regulations are based on blasting practices developed by the industry, as well as research and experimentation by the US Bureau of Mines and explosive manufacturers. Residential areas in the proximity of surface mines have made it mandatory that blasting operations be conducted under restrictions and requirements designed to protect the public and structures located within 0.8 km (0.5 mile) of any surface blasting activities. Restrictions against blasting apply where dwellings, schools, churches, hospitals, or nursing facilities are within 305 m (1000 ft) of blasting operations. They also apply where wells, petroleum or gas storage facilities, municipal water storage facilities, fluid transmission pipelines, gas or oil collection lines, and sewage lines are within 152 in (500 ft) of blasting operations.

Jan 11, 1979

By William C. Waldbieser

Webster's Third New International Dictionary defines new in part as "having been seen or known but for a short time although perhaps existing before." It has recently become fashionable to talk about the new life for old "King Coal," and how we will have to double or even triple our coal production by 1985, or how the US will become energy-independent by 1980. Since coal represents over 80% of our proven energy reserve, the nation will turn to coal as a savior in our time of energy crisis, so goes the argument.

Jan 10, 1974

By H. W. McCue

In 1944, in the Texas Panhandle, 245 oil wells were drilled with a total daily initial production of 32,886 bbl., representing an average initial production of 134 bbl, per well. This was an increase over 1943 of 121 wells drilled, and an increased initial production of 13,861 barrels. On Dec. 31, 1944, the field was operating on an allowable of 113,567 bbl. per day, but actually was producing 85,539 bbl. per day from the 5901 oil wells. The tota1 production for the year was 33,439,436 bbl., bringing the cumulative total to 5.04,537,048 barrels. Gas Sixty-three gas wells with a combined open flow of 992 million cu. ft., were drilled during 1944. This was an increase of seven wells over 1943, but a drop of 216 million cu. ft. in initial open flow. The

Jan 1, 1945

By Newell G. Alford

Forecasts of future timber consumption in soft-coal mining are handicapped by the lack of adequate experience records for estimating properly the timber requirements of the industry. Data were obtained from plants where records are kept or from operators who collected the information and to these were added composite figures for the continental United States in 1905 and 19191 and for central and western Pennsylvania and for Illinois in 1922.2 The result, representing slightly over 928,000,000 net tons, is shown in Table 1. Some of the companies furnishing data were unable to segregate the timber into classes of use but for those who did, Table 2 shows the board feet of posts and cross ban used per ton of coal mined and the percentage of the total timber consumed that was used in roof support. The wide variation in amounts of timber per ton of coal mined is the result of

Jan 1, 1924